Effects of three doses of 3-indole pyruvic acid on subjective and objective measures of sleep and early morning performance

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Shamsi ◽  
N. Stanley ◽  
J. Yoon ◽  
I. Hindmarch
Keyword(s):  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Objective Measures

Relationships Between Subjective Ratings and Objective Measures of Performance in Speechreading Sentences

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 900-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn E. Demorest ◽  
Lynne E. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Objective Performance ◽  
Phonetic Distance ◽  
Stimulus Length ◽  
Measures Of Performance ◽  
Confidence Scale

Ninety-six participants with normal hearing and 63 with severe-to-profound hearing impairment viewed 100 CID Sentences (Davis & Silverman, 1970) and 100 B-E Sentences (Bernstein & Eberhardt, 1986b). Objective measures included words correct, phonemes correct, and visual-phonetic distance between the stimulus and response. Subjective ratings were made on a 7-point confidence scale. Magnitude of validity coefficients ranged from .34 to .76 across materials, measures, and groups. Participants with hearing impairment had higher levels of objective performance, higher subjective ratings, and higher validity coefficients, although there were large individual differences. Regression analyses revealed that subjective ratings are predictable from stimulus length, response length, and objective performance. The ability of speechreaders to make valid performance evaluations was interpreted in terms of contemporary word recognition models.

The Biological Clock and Sleep in the Elderly

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Juda ◽  
Mirjam Münch ◽  
Anna Wirz-Justice ◽  
Martha Merrow ◽  
Till Roenneberg
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Sleep Difficulties ◽  
Circadian Biology

Abstract: Among many other changes, older age is characterized by advanced sleep-wake cycles, changes in the amplitude of various circadian rhythms, as well as reduced entrainment to zeitgebers. These features reveal themselves through early morning awakenings, sleep difficulties at night, and a re-emergence of daytime napping. This review summarizes the observations concerning the biological clock and sleep in the elderly and discusses the documented and theoretical considerations behind these age-related behavioral changes, especially with respect to circadian biology.

Mg++ - and Ca++-Induced Platelet Aggregation and ADP

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 432-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Cronberg ◽  
J. P Caen
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Pyruvate Kinase ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Platelet Suspension ◽  
Edta Plasma ◽  
Phosphoenol Pyruvic Acid

SummaryReports on platelet aggregation after addition of calcium or magnesium to EDTA- PRP or platelet suspensions were confirmed. An aggregating principle was found in the EDTA-plasma and the supernatant of the platelet suspensions. Aggregation by magnesium in a platelet suspension was inhibited by adenosine and phosphoenol- pyruvic acid and pyruvate kinase, which suggested that the active principle was identical with ADP. Degradation of ADP in EDTA plasma was blocked.It thus appears that aggregation induced by calcium or magnesium in EDTA-PRP and platelet suspension was due to accumulation of spontaneously liberated ADP, which was not degraded.

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